Jakarta, Indonesia
Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, is one of the fastest-sinking cities in the world. Excessive groundwater extraction is causing the city to sink by as much as 10 inches per year. Rising sea levels are also contributing to the city’s sinking.
Source: Global Panorama/Flickr
The city is predicted to be beyond saving in 2030 before the Java Sea has swallowed it almost whole.
Venice, Italy
Venice has long been sinking over the years. Each year, the city sinks about one to two millimeters, which is about the same rate as a city in the US.
Source: Christopher Walker/Flickr
The city’s buildings sit atop piles, long timber supports driven deep into the mud beneath the lagoon they are built above. The natural settling of the lagoon sediments and the pumping of freshwater from deep aquifers are also contributing to the city’s sinking rate.
New Orleans, USA
The home of Mardi Gras in the US has been sinking due to the natural settling of the Mississippi and human activities off the coast of the Louisiana city. Oil extraction and levee construction have helped cause the city to sink below sea level.
Source: Aya Salman/Unsplash
Ongoing efforts have been focused on improving flood defenses and restoring natural wetlands, but devastating hurricanes and floods are causing more problems.
Dhaka, Bangladesh
Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, is facing a serious risk of sinking into the ocean. Several factors are contributing to the city slipping below sea level, like rapid urbanization; groundwater depletion; encroachment of water bodies; and poor infrastructure.
Source: United Nations Photo/Flickr
The ongoing urban development and climate change are some of the more pressing factors that are making the city more vulnerable to drowning.
Alexandria, Egypt
The second largest city in Egypt, Alexandria, is sinking fast. The city faces severe threats from rising sea levels, groundwater extraction, erosion, and urban development. The contrition of the Aswan High Dam on the Nile River is also contributing to how quickly the city is sinking.
Source: Abdelrhman 1990/Wikimedia Commons
Efforts to reinforce the coastline and manage urban expansion are ongoing to protect the city before it’s too late.
Shanghai, China
Shanghai is also experiencing sinking due to the most common factor that is causing the other cities on this list to sink: excessive groundwater extraction for industrial and residential use.
Source: @Hanny Naibaho/Unsplash
The city has implemented stringent groundwater management policies and constructed extensive flood barriers. However, the rising sea levels remain a constant threat to the city.
Houston, USA
While more and more people move to Texas, especially Houston due to its location on the Gulf of Mexico, one of the biggest cities in Texas is sinking due to oil extraction and groundwater pumping.
Source: Adrian Newell/Unsplash
Over the past century, Houston has sunk more than 10 feet, which has caused flood risks that are exacerbated by hurricanes and heavy rainfall to rise.
Lagos, Nigeria
The coastal city of Lagos is sinking due to several factors, like rapid urban development; population growth’ and groundwater extraction.
Source: International Institute of Tropical Agriculture
The city has been trying to combat the struggles by shifting to sustainable urban planning and improving drainage systems.
Manila, Philippines
The capital of the Philippines is sinking due to a combination of subsidence and rising sea levels.
Source: Aeron Oracion/Unsplash
The city’s location on a floodplain has made the city prone to severe flooding during typhoons and heavy rains. Manila is attempting to focus on improving drainage systems and reducing groundwater extraction, but natural disasters have been putting these plans on hold.
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Ho Chi Minh City has been sinking quickly each year by nearly 1 to 2 centimeters. This rapid sinking rate is largely caused by rapid urbanization and groundwater extraction. The city is also vulnerable to typhoons and rising sea levels.
Source: Thịnh La/Pexels
Efforts to address the issues plaguing the city include improving water management and urban planning, but the efforts have not had much effect yet.
New York City, USA
Like any coastal city, New York City has been itching below sea levels for years. Low-lying areas like Lower Manhattan are at high risk of flooding as climate changes have caused more storms and hurricanes to crash into the city’s weakened sea wall.
Source: Freepik
Initiatives like the East Side Coastal Resiliency project aim to enhance the city’s flood defenses.